Checkpoint 156-315.81 - Check Point Certified Security Expert R81.20

The Endpoint Policy Management License is required for managing the Endpoint Security Suite, which includes blades such as the Remote Access VPN. The IPSec VPN License is installed on the VPN Gateway and is a basic requirement for a Remote Access VPN solution. The MobileAccessLicense is required on the Security Gateway for the following Remote Access solutions.

 Gaia can be configured using the command line interface (CLI) or the WebUI. The CLI is a text-based interface that allows users to enter commands and view responses in a terminal window. The CLI can be accessed through a console connection, an SSH connection, or a Telnet connection. The WebUI is a graphical interface that allows users to configure Gaia settings through a web browser. The WebUI can be accessed by entering the IP address of the Gaia device in the browser’s address bar.

 SNX (SSL Network Extender) is a thin VPN client installed on an endpoint user computer that provides secure remote access to a corporate network. It can be used with Mobile Access blade or the IPsec VPN blade via the Mobile Access or SNX portals1. SNX has two modes: Network Mode and Application Mode2.

Network Mode: In this mode, SNX creates a virtual network adapter on the endpoint computer and assigns it an IP address from the internal network. This allows the endpoint computer to access all the resources on the internal network as if it was physically connected to it. Network Mode supports all IP-based applications, including TCP and UDP applications2.

Application Mode: In this mode, SNX does not create a virtual network adapter on the endpoint computer, but instead intercepts the traffic of specific applications and forwards it to the Security Gateway. Application Mode supports only TCP-based applications that are defined in the Mobile Access policy. Application Mode is useful when Network Mode is not supported or when granular control over the applications is required2.

References: : SSL Network Extender : SNX Modes

The vpn tu command and the SmartView Monitor are two components that allow you to reset a VPN tunnel. The vpn tu command is a command-line tool that lets you view and manage the status of VPN tunnels on a Security Gateway or cluster member. The SmartView Monitor is a graphical tool that lets you monitor the network and security performance, view VPN tunnel status, and reset VPN tunnels. Both components can be used to reset a VPN tunnel by selecting the option to delete IKE SA or IPsec SA for a specific peer or all peers. References: R81 VPN Administration Guide, page 29-30; R81 SmartConsole R81 Resolved Issues, sk170114

The back end database for Check Point R81 Management uses PostgreSQL, which is an open source relational database management system2. MongoDB, MySQL, and DBMS are not used by Check Point R81 Management. References: 2: Check Point Software, Getting Started, Database.

The command tcpdump is not an internal/native Check Point command. It is a common command-line tool that captures and analyzes network traffic. The other commands are internal/native Check Point commands that perform various functions. For example:

fwaccel on enables SecureXL acceleration on the Security Gateway.

fw ctl debug sets the debug flags for the Firewall kernel module.

cphaprob displays the status and information about ClusterXL or VRRP members.

References: Check Point R81 CLI Reference Guide, pages 11, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27; Check Point R81 Gaia Administration Guide, page 9

Management Data Plane Separation (MDPS) is a feature that allows the separation of the management plane and the data plane on a Security Gateway or a cluster. The management plane is responsible for accessing, provisioning and monitoring the Security Gateway, while the data plane is responsible for all other network traffic and processing. Each network environment is independent and includes interfaces, routes, sockets, and processes1. References: Check Point R81 Administration Guide

Proxy ARP is a technique that allows a device to respond to ARP requests on behalf of another IP address. Proxy ARP is required for Manual Static NAT when the translated IP address does not belong to one of the firewall’s interfaces. This is because the firewall needs to intercept the packets destined to the translated IP address and forward them to the original IP address after applying the NAT rule. Without Proxy ARP, the packets would not reach the firewall and the NAT would not work. Proxy ARP is not required for Automatic Static NAT or Automatic Hide NAT, because these types of NAT use IP addresses that belong to the firewall’s interfaces. Proxy ARP is also not required for Manual Hide NAT, because this type of NAT does not change the destination IP address of the packets, only the source IP address. References: Check Point R81 Security Management Administration Guide, page 115

Authentication rules are defined for user groups, not individual users or all users in the database. Authentication rules allow you to control which user groups can access specific resources or services through the Security Gateway. You can define different authentication methods and schemes for different user groups, such as Check Point Password, OS Password, RADIUS, TACACS, SecurID, LDAP, or Certificate. You can also define different session timeouts and source restrictions for different user groups. Authentication rules are processed before the network access rules in the rule base.

A Distinguished Name (DN) is a unique identifier for an object in an LDAP directory, such as a user, a group, or an organization. A DN consists of a sequence of relative distinguished names (RDNs), which are attributes that describe the object. The most common RDNs are:

Common Name (CN): The name of the object, such as a user’s full name or a group’s name

Country ©: The two-letter ISO code of the country where the object is located, such as US or PK

User container (UC): The name of the container that holds the user objects, such as Users or People

Domain Component (DC): The name of the domain that the object belongs to, such as checkpoint.com or example.org

An Organizational Unit (OU) is not a component of a DN, but a type of object that can be used to organize other objects in a hierarchical structure. An OU can have its own DN, which includes the OU attribute as an RDN, such as OU=Sales,DC=checkpoint,DC=com.

The references are:

Check Point R81 Identity Awareness Administration Guide, page 14

LDAP Distinguished Names

What is a Distinguished Name?

The command fw tab is used to display the contents of the kernel tables1. The command has several options that can modify the output. The option -s shows only the table names and the number of entries in each table1. For example:

The option -t shows the contents of a specific table, given by its name or ID1. For example:

The option -n shows the numeric values of the fields in the tables, instead of resolving them to names1. For example:

The option -k shows the kernel references for each entry in the table1. For example:

Therefore, the correct answer is B, as it shows only the table names of all kernel tables.

References: 1: CLI R81.20 Reference Guide - Check Point Software

 If the first packet of a UDP session is rejected by a rule definition from within a security policy (not including the clean up rule), nothing is sent back through the kernel. This is because UDP is a connectionless protocol that does not require an acknowledgement from the receiver. Therefore, if a UDP packet is dropped by the Firewall, the sender will not receive any feedback or notification. References: UDP Protocol

Endpoint Security VPN is a lightweight remote access client that supports Windows and macOS computers. It provides secure connectivity to corporate resources using L2TP/IPSec, SSL, or Check Point’s proprietary VPN protocol. Endpoint Security VPN also integrates with other Endpoint Security products such as SandBlast Agent, Full Disk Encryption, Media Encryption, and Firewall. References: Check Point R81 Endpoint Security VPN Administration Guide, page 5

The hostname of the Standby member should not be changed to match the hostname of the Active member, as this would cause a conflict in the network. The correct procedure is to change the hostname of the Active member to a different name, and then change the Standby member to the original hostname of the Active member1. References: 1: Check Point Resource Library, Certified Security Expert (CCSE) R81.20 Course Overview, page 9.

 The correct address to access the Web UI for Gaia platform via browser is https:// . This will open the Gaia Portal login page, where you can enter your username and password to access the Gaia configuration options. By default, the Web UI listens on port 443 for HTTPS connections, but you can change it using the CLISH command set web ssl-port .