VMware 2V0-51.23 - VMware Horizon 8.x Professional

Instant clones are a type of virtual machines that are created by cloning a running parent VM in memory, without requiring a full disk copy. This allows for faster provisioning and updating of RDS hosts in a farm. Instant clones can be patched in a rolling process with zero downtime by using the push-image operation, which replaces the existing instant clones with new ones that have the latest patches applied. The push-image operation can be performed on a per-farm basis or on multiple farms at once. The push-image operation preserves the user sessions and data on the existing instant clones until they are logged off or disconnected, and then deletes them. The new instant clones inherit the same settings and assignments as the old ones. Therefore, to deploy a RDS farm that can be patched in a rolling process with zero downtime, the administrator should create an instant-clone RDS desktop farm. References: Instant Clones for RDSH in VMware Horizon 7.1 and [VMware Horizon 8.x Professional Course]

A Trusted Platform Module (vTPM) is a virtualized version of a physical TPM device that provides enhanced security for virtual machines. A vTPM device can be added to a virtual machine to enable features such as encryption, attestation, and key management. A vTPM device requires a Key Management Server (KMS) to store and manage the encryption keys.

To create instant clones VMs with a vTPM device, the vCenter Server user must have certain privileges in addition to those required for instant clones without a vTPM device. One of these privileges is Manage KMS, which allows the user to perform cryptographic operations on the vTPM device, such as cloning, decrypting, encrypting, migrating, and registering. The Manage KMS privilege is part of the Cryptographic operations privilege group on vCenter Server.

The other options are not required only for instant clones VMs with a vTPM device:

Upgrade virtual machine compatibility: This privilege allows the user to upgrade the virtual hardware version of a virtual machine to support new features and capabilities. This privilege is required for instant clones VMs regardless of whether they have a vTPM device or not.

Configure Host USB device: This privilege allows the user to configure USB devices on an ESXi host and attach them to a virtual machine. This privilege is not related to vTPM devices or instant clones VMs.

Manage custom attributes: This privilege allows the user to create, edit, and delete custom attributes for vCenter Server objects. Custom attributes are user-defined fields that can store additional information about objects. This privilege is not related to vTPM devices or instant clones VMs.

References: Privileges Required for the vCenter Server User With Instant Clones, vSphere Virtual Machine Administration, and [VMware Horizon 8.x Professional Course]

The user’s problem is that their settings for the e-mail client are not being saved across sessions. This means that their user profile, which contains their personal data, settings, and preferences, is not being preserved or synchronized properly. To solve this problem, the administrator can deploy one or more of the following options to manage user profiles in Horizon:

VMware App Volumes Writable Volumes: This option allows users to store user-installed applications, data, and settings on a disk independent of the VM. Writable volumes can be attached to desktops along with application packages, and they can isolate the user-installed applications from the system-installed applications. Writable volumes can also be configured to capture specific files and registry keys by using the snapvol.cfg policy file. This option can help users retain their e-mail client settings on a writable volume that is attached to their desktop at each login.

Persona Management: This option allows administrators to manage user profiles by using a remote repository that stores user profiles. Persona Management synchronizes the user profile between the remote repository and the local desktop at login, logout, and at regular intervals during the session. Persona Management also supports profile redirection, which allows administrators to redirect certain folders in the user profile to a network share or a writable volume. This option can help users access their e-mail client settings from the remote repository or the redirected folder at each login.

VMware Dynamic Environment Manager: This option allows administrators to manage user profiles and policies by using a central share that stores user configuration files. Dynamic Environment Manager captures and applies user settings and preferences based on conditions and triggers, such as location, device, or application launch. Dynamic Environment Manager also supports profile archives, which allow administrators to back up and restore user profiles on demand or on schedule. This option can help users apply their e-mail client settings from the central share or the profile archive at each login.

The other options are not valid options for managing user profiles in Horizon:

Roaming Profiles: This option is a native Windows feature that allows users to access their user profile from any computer in a domain by storing it on a network share. However, this option is not recommended for Horizon because it can cause long login times, profile corruption, and data loss due to its synchronous and overwrite behavior. Roaming profiles are also incompatible with instant clones and linked clones.

Flexible profiles: This option does not exist in Horizon or Windows. It might be confused with Flex Profiles, which is a third-party product from Liquidware that provides profile management solutions similar to Dynamic Environment Manager.

References: Writable Volumes Overview, Configuring User Profiles with Horizon Persona Management, VMware Dynamic Environment Manager Overview, and [VMware Horizon 8.x Professional Course]

App Volumes is a real-time application delivery system that allows administrators to assign applications to users and groups in Horizon. App Volumes uses virtual disks called packages to store and deliver applications. When a user logs on to a desktop, the App Volumes agent attaches the assigned packages to the desktop and merges them with the OS disk. The user can then access the applications as if they were natively installed.

In this scenario, Adobe Acrobat 11 has been assigned to a user as an App Volumes package. When the user logs on to VM25, which already has Adobe Acrobat 11 natively installed, the App Volumes agent attaches the package to VM25 and creates a shortcut on the user desktop. However, the package does not overwrite or conflict with the natively installed application. Instead, when the user clicks on the shortcut, the App Volumes package for Adobe Acrobat 11 is opened and runs in an isolated environment. This allows the user to use different versions of the same application without affecting each other or the OS. References: App Volumes Architecture and [VMware Horizon 8.x Professional Course]

The following is the correct answer for the drag and drop question:

Administrator -> Performs all desktop, session, and pool-related operation.

Inventory Administrator -> Performs all administrative functions and applies to an Access Group.

Local Administrator -> No rights to manage Cloud Pod or the Global Data Layer.

Predefined Administrator Roles (vmware.com)

The predefined administrator roles in Horizon console are designed to provide different levels of access and control over the Horizon environment. Each role has a set of privileges that grant the ability to perform specific actions or view certain information. You can assign these roles to users or groups on the root access group, which gives them access to all inventory objects in the system, or on a specific access group or federation access group, which limits their scope to the objects within that group. You cannot modify the predefined roles, but you can create custom roles by selecting individual privileges.

The Administrator role is the most powerful role in Horizon console. It allows the user to perform all administrative operations, including creating and managing desktop pools, sessions, farms, applications, global settings, and other administrators. In a Cloud Pod Architecture environment, this role also enables the user to configure and manage a pod federation and manage remote pod sessions. The Administrator role on the root access group is equivalent to a super user role, as it gives full access to everything in the system. Therefore, you should assign this role to a limited number of users.

The Inventory Administrator role is similar to the Administrator role, but it applies only to an access group. This means that the user can perform all administrative functions on the inventory objects that belong to that access group, such as desktop pools, farms, applications, and sessions. However, the user cannot manage global settings or other administrators. This role is useful for delegating administration of specific resources to different users or groups.

The Local Administrator role is a restricted version of the Inventory Administrator role. It applies only to an access group and does not grant any rights to manage Cloud Pod Architecture features or the Global Data Layer. This means that the user can only manage local inventory objects within that access group, such as desktop pools, farms, applications, and sessions. This role is suitable for administrators who do not need to access or modify global settings or cross-pod resources.

The Help Desk Administrator role is a specialized role that allows the user to perform desktop and application actions for troubleshooting and support purposes. These actions include shutting down, resetting, restarting, logging off, disconnecting, and sending messages to users’ desktops or applications. The user can also perform remote assistance actions such as ending processes or viewing system information for a user’s desktop or application. The user cannot create or modify any inventory objects or settings with this role.

References :=

Some possible references are:

Predefined Administrator Roles

Assigning Administrator Roles

Understanding Roles and Privileges

Unified Access Gateway (UAG) is a secure gateway appliance that provides access to VMware Horizon based resources such as virtual desktops, RDSH-based applications, and physical Windows machines. UAG supports multiple authentication methods and protocols, such as SAML, OAuth, and RADIUS, to provide secure access to end users from any device and location. UAG also provides edge services such as load balancing, high availability, and firewall rules to optimize the performance and availability of Horizon based resources12. References := 1: VMware Horizon Architecture Planning: Unified Access Gateway 2: VMware Unified Access Gateway Administration Guide: Introduction to Unified Access Gateway

VMware Dynamic Environment Manager Application Profiler is a standalone application that simplifies the creation of Flex configuration files and predefined settings for use with VMware Dynamic Environment Manager. Application Profiler analyzes where an application stores its file and registry configuration. The analysis results in an optimized Flex configuration file, which you can edit in the Application Profiler or use directly in the VMware Dynamic Environment Manager environment. With Application Profiler, you can also create application-specific predefined settings, with which you can set the initial configuration state of applications. Save the Flex configuration file with predefined settings to export the current application configuration state1.

Therefore, the two capabilities that are supported by VMware Dynamic Environment Manager Application Profiler are:

It allows creation of application-specific predefined settings. This means that you can configure the default settings for an application that will be applied when a user launches it for the first time. For example, you can set the language, theme, or preferences of an application using Application Profiler2.

It analyzes registry and file system location settings for an application. This means that it monitors the changes that an application makes to the registry and file system when it is running, and generates a Flex configuration file that captures those changes. This allows VMware Dynamic Environment Manager to manage the user personalization of those settings across different devices and sessions3.

The other options are not supported by VMware Dynamic Environment Manager Application Profiler:

It allows individual user personalization of applications. This is not a capability of Application Profiler, but rather of VMware Dynamic Environment Manager itself. Application Profiler only helps to create the Flex configuration files that enable user personalization, but it does not apply them to individual users4.

It allows third-party user personalization of applications. This is also not a capability of Application Profiler, but rather of VMware Dynamic Environment Manager itself. Application Profiler only works with applications that store their settings in the registry or file system, and does not support third-party user personalization solutions such as AppSense or RES.

It allows creation of computer templates. This is not a capability of Application Profiler at all. Computer templates are used to create virtual machines or physical computers with a predefined configuration, and are not related to application management or user personalization.

References:

Introduction to VMware Dynamic Environment Manager Application Profiler

Editing a Profile Archive

Profile an Application

Introduction to VMware Dynamic Environment Manager

[VMware Dynamic Environment Manager FAQ]

[Create a Computer Template]

To increase the capacity and resiliency of VMware Horizon desktop pools, deploying Horizon on VMware Cloud on AWS or in a remote data center are viable options. VMware Cloud on AWS provides a scalable and secure cloud platform, allowing for quick expansion and disaster recovery capabilities. Similarly, deploying Horizon in a remote data center can provide geographical diversity, reducing the impact of localized disasters and improving overall resilience.

VMware vSAN is a storage product that allows the pooling of resources to create datastores in a software defined datacenter. VMware vSAN is a hyper-converged infrastructure solution that integrates compute, storage, and networking resources on industry-standard x86 servers. VMware vSAN aggregates local or direct-attached data storage devices to create a single storage pool shared across all hosts in the vSAN cluster. VMware vSAN enables you to provision and manage storage from the VMware vSphere Web Client or the VMware vCenter Server Appliance Shell. VMware vSAN provides several benefits, such as lower total cost of ownership, simplified management, high performance, scalability, and availability12. References := 1: VMware Horizon 8 Documentation: VMware vSAN Overview 2: VMware Horizon 8 Documentation: Benefits of Using VMware vSAN with Horizon 8

Thin Clients and Zero Clients have the lowest cost of ownership and are easier to manage due to their minimalistic design, which lacks a full operating system, resulting in fewer components that require updates. These clients are designed for remote desktop services like VMware Horizon, where the computing work is done on the server side, making firmware updates and monitoring simpler and more centralized.