Netapp NS0-162 - NetApp Certified Data Administrator (ONTAP)

To deploy a 2-node ONTAP Select cluster with synchronous mirroring and high availability, you need to take the following two steps:

Ensure that the ONTAP Select Deploy VM resides at a third location other than the two data centers. This is because the Deploy VM includes a mediator service that connects to each node in the active two-node clusters to monitor the HA pairs and assist in managing failures. The mediator service maintains the HA state information at a dedicated iSCSI target associated with each two-node cluster. If the Deploy VM is halted or fails, the mediator service is unavailable and HA capability is lost for the two-node clusters1.

Use ONTAP Mediator service to make sure that you have a quorum for the two nodes. When a cluster consists of two nodes, it is not possible to achieve the quorum required when a node fails or loses communication. To resolve these types of split-brain situations, the mediator service helps the surviving node to determine whether it should take over the partner node or halt itself1.

You do not need to install the SnapMirror Sync license on the cluster, as it is not required for synchronous mirroring. You can use the SnapMirror Synchronous (SM-S) feature, which is included in the ONTAP Select Premium license, to create a zero-recovery point objective (RPO) mirror relationship between two volumes on different clusters2.

You do not need to use ONTAP Select Deploy to install the nodes on the physical hardware, as ONTAP Select is a software-defined storage solution that runs on VMware ESXi hosts. You can use ONTAP Select Deploy to create and manage ONTAP Select clusters and nodes on the virtualized hardware3. References :- ONTAP Select two-node clusters with HA, SnapMirror Synchronous overview, Deploy an ONTAP Select cluster using the CLI.

 SnapMirror Business Continuity (SM-BC) is a feature of ONTAP that enables zero RPO and RTO for mission-critical applications by synchronizing data and identity between two clusters. In the event of a site failure, an automatic unplanned failover (AUFO) operation occurs, which switches the roles of the primary and secondary clusters and resumes the client access. To trigger an AUFO, SM-BC relies on a component called ONTAP Mediator, which is a software service that monitors the health and connectivity of both clusters and initiates the failover when needed. ONTAP Deploy, Tiebreaker software, and Cloud Manager are not involved in the AUFO process for SM-BC. References :- SnapMirror Business Continuity overview, How SnapMirror Business Continuity works, ONTAP Mediator overview

 The correct way to warm the cache before clients access the cache volume for the first time is to prepopulate the cache volume with data from the origin volume using the flexcache prepopulate start command. This command copies the data blocks from the origin volume to the cache volume in the background, without affecting the client access to the origin volume. The other options are not valid for this scenario because:

Enabling block-level invalidation using the volume flexcache origin config modify command does not warm the cache, but rather allows the origin volume to invalidate the cached data blocks when they are modified or deleted.

Copying the data from the origin volume to the cache volume with the NetApp XCP Migration Tool is not recommended, as it can cause data inconsistency and performance degradation. XCP is a data migration tool that can copy data between different types of volumes, such as FlexVol and FlexGroup, but not between FlexCache and origin volumes.

Synchronizing the origin and cache first with the volume flexcache sync-properties command does not warm the cache, but rather ensures that the cache volume inherits the properties of the origin volume, such as size, security style, and export policy. References :- Prepopulate a FlexCache volume, FlexCache volume concepts, FlexCache volume best practices

The performance capacity report shows the current and optimal performance metrics for the CPU resource on each node of the cluster. The current metrics reflect the actual workload on the resource, while the optimal metrics reflect the workload that would result in the best performance. The performance capacity, or headroom, is the difference between the current and optimal metrics. A low or negative headroom indicates that the resource is over utilized and may experience performance degradation. The exhibit shows that both nodes have negative headroom for the CPU resource, which means that the CPU has been over utilized. A storage failover event will cause performance issues, as the surviving node will have to handle the workload of both nodes, which will further reduce the headroom and increase the latency. References :- Identify remaining performance capacity, What is Performance Capacity in ONTAP 9 and Unified Manager?

Before performing a nondisruptive upgrade (NDU) of ONTAP with an intercluster data protection SnapMirror relationship, you should quiesce the SnapMirror operations and upgrade the destination cluster first. Quiescing the SnapMirror operations prevents data inconsistency and ensures that the source and destination are at the same point-in-time. Upgrading the destination cluster first ensures that the destination is compatible with the source and can resume the SnapMirror transfers after the upgrade. References :- Prepare SnapMirror relationships for an ONTAP upgrade, TR-4015: SnapMirror Configuration and Best Practices Guide for ONTAP 9.11

 Active IQ Unified Manager, Cloud Insights, and Active IQ OneCollect are three NetApp products that can export the monthly performance data of your ONTAP 9.8 cluster to a CSV file for further processing. Active IQ Unified Manager is a web-based application that monitors and manages the health and performance of your ONTAP clusters. You can export data to CSV and PDF files for reporting from the Active IQ Unified Manager web UI1. Cloud Insights is a cloud-based monitoring and optimization tool that provides insights into your hybrid cloud infrastructure. You can export data to CSV files from the Cloud Insights dashboard. Active IQ OneCollect is a data collection tool that gathers configuration and performance data from your NetApp and third-party storage systems. You can export data to CSV files from the Active IQ OneCollect GUI. References :- Performance monitoring and management overview, Exporting data to CSV files for reporting, Exporting data to CSV and PDF files for reporting, [Exporting data to CSV files], [Exporting data to CSV files]

 The ONTAP Mediator service is a software component that monitors the health and connectivity of the MetroCluster IP nodes and sites. It enables automatic switchover to the surviving site in case of a site disaster by providing quorum to the surviving cluster. The ONTAP Mediator service must be installed on a Linux host that has network connectivity to both MetroCluster sites and is located in a third site. References :- ONTAP Mediator service overview, ONTAP MetroCluster IP Implementation

NVMe is a protocol that enables fast and efficient access to storage devices over a network. NVMe uses NVM Express over Fabrics (NVMe-oF) to transport commands and data between hosts and storage systems. NVMe-oF uses NVM subsystems, which are logical containers for one or more NVMe namespaces. A namespace is a logical unit of storage that can be accessed by a host. A host can discover and connect to an NVM subsystem by using a unique NVM subsystem identifier (NQN). ONTAP supports NVMe/FC and NVMe/RoCE as the transport protocols for NVMe-oF. ONTAP maps NVMe namespaces to LUNs and NQNs to subsystems. ONTAP also maps initiator groups to subsystems to control host access to namespaces. References :- NVMe Overview, Implementing and Configuring Modern SANs with NVMe/FC, NVMe-oF host configuration for RHEL 8.9 with ONTAP

 CIFS is the NetApp implementation of the SMB protocol, which enables file sharing between Windows clients and NetApp storage systems. To use CIFS, the storage system must have a valid CIFS license installed and configured. If a node fails on an HA configuration, the surviving node takes over the resources and services of the failed node, including the CIFS server. However, if the surviving node does not have a CIFS license, the CIFS server cannot start and the clients cannot access their data. Therefore, the lack of CIFS license on the surviving node is a possible cause of the problem. References :- CIFS and SMB overview, Licensing overview, Troubleshooting CIFS issues

Learn more

1blob:https://www.bing.com/fd7a4a79-678a-424a-ad84-79514273271f netapp.com2blob:https://www.bing.com/fd7a4a79-678a-424a-ad84-79514273271f netapp.com3blob:https://www.bing.com/fd7a4a79-678a-424a-ad84-79514273271f netapp.com4blob:https://www.bing.com/7b982e78-3207-461c-97da-fcc23f1329eb docs.netapp.com5blob:https://www.bing.com/7ce1b44c-d8cb-4ba4-9151-bade91d99ed5 marks4sure.com6blob:https://www.bing.com/f15e8a57-3f23-4381-8f79-1ea4ae2553b7 kb.vmware.com7learn.microsoft.com8docs.vmware.com9blob:https://www.bing.com/bd9c3c7b-3bbc-45ee-89e8-e45d62e9c94c community.netapp.com

 The problem is that the host IP address does not match the export policy rule. The export policy rule shown in the exhibit specifies that any client with an IP address within the 10.0.1.0/24 subnet can access the volume using NFSv3, as indicated by “Access Protocol” set to “any” and “Client Match” set to “10.0.1.0/24”. However, the Linux host has an IP address of 10.0.1.24, which falls outside this range, leading to a mismatch between the host IP and export policy rule. To fix this problem, the export policy rule should be modified to include the host IP address or a broader subnet that covers it. References :- Add a rule to an export policy, vserver export-policy rule create, Create an export policy for the volume