RedHat RH033 - Red Hat Linux Essentials

In order to accomplish the task, you will have to kill the process and rerun it by using the nice command to lower the priority of the process.

You will have to run the following command: kill : nice -n 19

The nice command is used to run a process with the desired priority level. The priority level varies from 1 to 19. Level 1 is for the highest priority and level 19 is for the lowest. By default, every process runs with the priority level 10.

Answer option C is incorrect. The fg command is used to run a process in the foreground.

Answer option D is incorrect. The bg command is used to run a process in the background.

Answer option A is incorrect. The -n 1 switch will provide the process the top priority.

Ctrl-w key-combination with an arrow key is used to jump from one window to another. This will move you to the next window in whichever direction the arrow would normally move your cursor. Instead of the arrow keys, you can also use

vi's traditional h, j, k and l keys for the same effect.

Answer options B and A are incorrect. Ctrl-w, s and Ctrl-w, v key-combinations are used to view a file in two windows in a single vim screen.

Ctrl-w, s splits the screen horizontally and Ctrl-w, v splits the screen vertically.

Answer option D is incorrect. Ctrl-w, q is used to quit from your current window.

From the above output, it is clear that 245 words are present in the file file.txt, as the second column represents the number of words present in a file.

The $! environmental variable represents the PID value of the last child process.

Answer option D is incorrect. The $$ environmental variable represents the PID of the running shell.

Answer option A is incorrect. The $? environmental variable results in the value zero if the last command was executed successfully, otherwise it displays the value one.

Answer option C is incorrect. It is an invalid Linux standard environmental variable.

The traceroute -w command is used to make traceroute wait 5 seconds (default) for a response to a packet.

What is traceroute?

Traceroute is a route-tracing utility that displays the path an IP packet takes to reach its destination.

It uses Internet

Control Message Protocol (ICMP) echo packets to display the Fully Qualified Domain Name (FQDN) and the IP address of each gateway along the route to the remote host. Traceroute sends out a packet to the destination computer with the TTL field value of 1. When the first router in the path receives the packet, it decrements the TTL value by

1. If the TTL value is zero, it discards the packet and sends a message back to the originating host to inform it that the packet has been discarded. Traceroute records the IP address and DNS name of that router, and sends another packet with a TTL value of

2. This packet goes through the first router, and then times out at the next router in the path. The second router also sends an error message back to the originating host. Now, the process starts once again and

traceroute continues to send data packets with incremented TTL values until a packet finally reaches the target host, or until it decides that the host is unreachable. In the whole process, traceroute also records the time taken for a round trip for each packet at each router.

Answer option B is incorrect. The traceroute -T command uses the TCP/SYN packets for probing.

Answer option C is incorrect. The traceroute -q command sets the number of probe packets per hop.

The default value is 3.

Answer option D is incorrect. The traceroute -r command bypasses the normal routing tables and sends the probe packet directly to a host on an attached network. If the host is not on a directly-attached network, an error is returned. This option can be used to ping a local host through an interface that has no route through it.

The lpc command is used to check the status of printers, enable and disable printers, and change the arrangement of jobs in the print queue.

Answer option D is incorrect. The lpr command sends a job to the queue to be printed.

Answer option A is incorrect. The lpq command views the contents of the print queue.

Answer option B is incorrect. The lprm command removes a job from the print queue.

The mput command is used to upload multiple files simultaneously.

Answer option C is incorrect. The put command uploads one file each time you use the command. It is not used to upload multiple files at a time.

Answer option D is incorrect. The get command is used to download one file at a time.

Answer option B is incorrect. The mget command is used to download multiple files at a time. It is not used to upload multiple files.

find /etc -name *.txt command is used to search for files anywhere on the system that end in .txt.

What is the find command?

The find command can perform a search based on a variety of search limitations. It searches through one or more directory tree(s) of a filesystem, locating files based on some user-specified criteria. By default, find returns all files in the current working directory. Further, find allows a user to specify an action to be taken on each matched file.

Thus, it is an extremely powerful command for applying actions to many files.

The find command can be used with a wild card (*), but it works best when we know the name of the file or directory we are looking for.

The find command can search your system for files that comply with certain numeric criteria, such as the size of the file (- size), the number of links to the file (-links), the date of the last change to the files data (-mtime), or the date of the last time the file was read (-atime). All these criteria accept a numeric value. When a numeric value is provided to find, it looks for an exact match, more than the number, or less than the number.

Answer options D, B, and C are incorrect. There is no such commands in the Linux.

The nice command is used to change the priority of a process in the kernel's scheduler.

A niceness of -20 is the highest priority and 19 is the lowest priority. The default niceness for processes is inherited from its parent process, usually 0. For example, when specifying a very low priority, the following command can be entered: nice -n 19 cc -c *.c &

The above command runs the cc command in the background at a lower priority than the default priority set by the nice command.

If there is no free space on the hard disk drive, users will not be able to write on it. To prevent this issue from happening again, you should track the amount of free space on the hard disk. By doing so, you can take necessary actions before the actual problem arises.

Answer option B is incorrect. Even if users save their important files, the hard disk drive will still become full sooner or later.

Answer option A is incorrect. Dedicating a hard disk drive for users to save their files will not prevent the drive from becoming full.

Answer option D is incorrect. The shortage of RAM is not the issue in this scenario.