Veeam VMCA2022 - Veeam Certified Architect 2022

The component that can help meet the requirement of alternative decryption capabilities on encrypted backups in the event of lost passwords is Veeam Backup Enterprise Manager. Veeam Backup Enterprise Manager is a web-based interface that allows centralized management of multiple Veeam backup servers. It also provides a password loss protection feature that enables authorized users to restore encrypted backups without entering passwords if they forget or lose them. This feature requires enabling password loss protection in Veeam Backup Enterprise Manager settings and assigning a security officer role to a user who can approve password recovery requests.

References: [Veeam Backup Enterprise Manager], [Password Loss Protection]

The best option for the primary backup repository design that fits the requirements in the case study is a Linux Repository using XFS integration, single-use credentials, and immutability. A Linux Repository is a type of backup repository that uses a Linux server as a backup target. A LinuxRepository can leverage XFS integration to enable fast creation and transformation of synthetic full backups by using XFS file system features such as reflink and copy-on-write. A Linux Repository can also use single-use credentials to enhance security by generating unique credentials for each backup job session. A Linux Repository can also provide immutability and ransomware protection for backup files by using Linux access control mechanisms such as immutable flag or chattr command.

•Backup copy jobs with GFS enabled. This type of job does not support using immutability from S3 Object Lock because it uses synthetic full backups, which require modifying existing backup files. Synthetic full backups are not compatible with immutability settings, as they violate the principle of not changing the backup files.

To design a solution that meets the database requirements for Veeam University Hospital, you need to consider some of the assumptions and implications of using the script for the in-house database. This will help you to ensure the consistency and reliability of the database backups and restores, as well as the compatibility and supportability of the script with Veeam products and features.

According to the Veeam Backup & Replication Best Practice Guide, one of the assumptions that using the script for the in-house database presents is C. The script already exists and is solely managed by the customer.

This assumption means that:

•The script is not provided or maintained by Veeam, but by the customer or a third-party vendor. Therefore, Veeam is not responsible for the functionality or quality of the script, nor for any issues or errors that may arise from using it.

•The script is already tested and verified by the customer or a third-party vendor. Therefore, Veeam does not need to validate or certify the script, nor to provide any documentation or guidance on how to use it.

•The script is already integrated and configured with the in-house database. Therefore, Veeam does not need to modify or customize the script, nor to provide any support or troubleshooting for it.

This assumption has some implications for designing a solution with Veeam products and features, such as:

•The customer or a third-party vendor must ensure that the script is compatible and compliant with the latest versions and updates of Veeam Backup & Replication, as well as with the in-house database.

•The customer or a third-party vendor must provide Veeam with the necessary information and access to run the script before and after the backup or restore operations, such as the script location, parameters, credentials, etc.

•The customer or a third-party vendor must monitor and manage the script performance and results, as well as handle any exceptions or failures that may occur during or after the backup orrestore operations.

•Use Hardened Repositories as the primary target, which are Linux-based repositories that support immutability and prevent ransomware from accessing or deleting backup files12.

•Use backup copy jobs to create a second copy of the backups to a different site, which will provide additional protection and redundancy in case of a disaster or data loss34.

•Use Veeam Backup & Replication servers at one location, which will simplify the management and monitoring of the backup infrastructure and reduce the operational costs.

The other configurations are not as effective or secure, as they either do not use immutability, do not create a second copy of the backups, or do not leverage the benefits of Veeam Backup & Replication servers.

References: 1: Protect against Ransomware with Immutable Backups - Veeam 2: Hardened Repository - User Guide for VMware vSphere 3: Backup Copy Modes - User Guide for VMware vSphere 4: Backup copy jobs - Veeam Backup & Replication Best Practice Guide : Veeam Backup & Replication Architecture Overview

To design a disaster recovery solution that meets the needs and requirements of Veeam University Hospital, you need to identify some information during the discovery phase. This information will help you to understand the scope and scale of the replication and failover processes, the network andstorage resources and limitations, and the recovery time objectives and recovery point objectives.

According to the Veeam Backup & Replication Best Practice Guide, some of the information that is necessary to design the disaster recovery solution and must be identified during discovery are:

•The number of virtual machines to be replicated. This information will help you to determine the number and size of the replication jobs, as well as the replication performance and scalability, based on the number and type of virtual machines.

•The available bandwidth between locations. This information will help you to estimate the network bandwidth and throughput that are available for replication traffic, as well as the impact of replication activities on the network performance and latency.

•Which sites will be the source of replication and which sites will be the targets for recovery. This information will help you to plan and configure the replication infrastructure, such as the proxy servers, repository servers, WAN accelerators, and failover plans, based on the source and target locations.

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To design a solution that meets the database requirements for Veeam University Hospital, you need to consider some of the options and features that can support and integrate with Oracle databases. This will help you to ensure the consistency and reliability of the Oracle backups and restores, as well as the compatibility and supportability of the native Oracle tools with Veeam products and features.

According to the Veeam Backup & Replication Best Practice Guide, the option that most closely matches the requirements of having native Oracle utilities available for backups and restores is D. Install the Veeam RMAN Plug-in to allow native RMAN backups and restores to leverage Veeam repository directly from the Oracle servers.

This option means that:

•The Veeam RMAN Plug-in is a solution that integrates with Oracle Recovery Manager (RMAN) and allows you to back up and restore Oracle databases using Veeam repositories as targets.

•The Veeam RMAN Plug-in supports both virtual and physical Oracle servers, as well as different versions and editions of Oracle databases.

•The Veeam RMAN Plug-in enables you to use native Oracle tools and commands, such as RMAN, SQL*Plus, Data Pump, etc., to perform backups and restores of Oracle databases, without requiring any additional scripts or configurations.

•The Veeam RMAN Plug-in leverages the benefits and features of Veeam Backup & Replication, such as backup compression, deduplication, encryption, immutability, etc., to improve the backup performance and efficiency, as well as the backup security and integrity.

This option is the best match for the requirements, as it allows you to use native Oracle utilities for backups and restores, while also taking advantage of Veeam products and features.

•Use Linux repositories as the performance tier, which are more secure and resilient than Windows repositories, as they support immutable backups and prevent ransomware from accessing or deleting backup files1.

•Use immutable cloud storage as the capacity tier, which will offload older backup files to a public cloud object storage that supports immutability, such as Amazon S3 Object Lock or Azure Blob Storage with immutable policies2. This will ensure that the backup files cannot be modified or deleted by ransomware or malicious users for a specified period of time.

•Use Scale-out Backup Repository, which is a logical entity that groups several backup repositories into a single pool of storage, allowing for better backup performance, scalability, and management3.

References: 1: Protect against Ransomware with Immutable Backups - Veeam 2: Ransomware Protection: Learn How Veeam Can Protect Your Data 3: Scale-Out Backup Repository - Veeam Backup & Replication Best Practice Guide

Based on the requirements, one of the factors that should be considered in the physical design when implementing the virtual machine replication between sites is to ensure that the proper firewall ports are open between the proxies at each site. This is because Veeam Backup & Replication uses network ports to communicate with backup infrastructure components and transfer data during replication. You need to make sure that the required ports are not blocked by firewalls or other network devices. For a list of ports used by Veeam Backup & Replication, see this article2

Veeam University Hospital is considering using Veeam ONE to collect alarms from the virtual and backup infrastructure. Veeam ONE is a powerful monitoring and reporting tool that provides visibility and insight into the performance, configuration, and utilization of your backup and virtual infrastructure. Veeam ONE can also alert you about any issues or problems that may affect the availability or reliability of your data protection and recovery processes.

One of the options that is available for integrating Veeam ONE with ticketing systems is A. Configure Veeam ONE to send SNMP traps to the ticketing system.

This option means that:

•SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) is a protocol that allows network devices to communicate and exchange information with each other.

•SNMP traps are messages that are sent by network devices to notify a management system about events or conditions that require attention or action.

•Veeam ONE can be configured to send SNMP traps to a ticketing system when an alarm is triggered or resolved. This allows you to automate the creation and update of tickets based on the alarm data, such as the alarm name, severity, status, description, etc.

•To configure Veeam ONE to send SNMP traps to a ticketing system, you need to enable SNMP notifications in the Veeam ONE settings, as well as specify the SNMP server address, port, community string, and trap format. You also need to configure the ticketing system to receive and process the SNMP traps from Veeam ONE.

This option is a good choice for integrating Veeam ONE with ticketing systems, as it allows you to leverage the benefits and features of both solutions, such as:

•You can use Veeam ONE to monitor and analyze your backup and virtual infrastructure, as well as to detect and alert you about any issues or problems that may affect your data protection and recovery processes.

•You can use the ticketing system to manage and track the resolution of the issues or problems that are reported by Veeam ONE, as well as to assign and prioritize tickets to the appropriate staff or team members.