Nokia 4A0-114 - Nokia Border Gateway Protocol Fundamentals for Services

An EVPN IP-Prefix (type 5) route update is used for Layer 3 VPNs and includes information necessary for routing within the VPLS.

It carries the IP prefix of the subnet, the VPLS's route-distinguisher (RD), and route-target (RT) values, as well as the service tunnel ID (e.g., MPLS label or VNI value).

The MAC address of an attached host is not included in a type-5 route update.

Therefore, the statement "The MAC address of an attached host." is NOT carried inside an EVPN IP-Prefix (type 5) route update.

References:

Nokia Border Gateway Protocol Fundamentals documentation, Section 10.4 on EVPN IP-Prefix route attributes.

To prevent route advertisement loops in a network using route reflectors, specific attributes are employed.

The key attributes used for loop prevention in BGP are:

MED (Multi-Exit Discriminator): Used to influence the incoming traffic from neighboring ASes. It is not used for loop prevention.

ORIGIN: Indicates the origin of the route but does not directly prevent loops.

CLUSTER_LIST: Used by route reflectors to prevent loops. When a route reflector propagates a route, it adds its cluster ID to the CLUSTER_LIST. If a route with its own cluster ID is received, it is rejected to prevent loops.

AS_PATH: Records the ASes a route has traversed, preventing loops by rejecting routes containing the local AS number.

Therefore, the CLUSTER_LIST attribute is specifically used by route reflectors to prevent routing loops by keeping track of the clusters a route has passed through.

References:

Nokia Border Gateway Protocol Fundamentals documentation, Section 6.5 on Attributes for Loop Prevention in Route Reflectors.

IPv6 Link-Local addresses are specific types of addresses used within a single local network segment. Here are key points about IPv6 Link-Local addresses:

A. True: Every physical interface running IPv6 is assigned a Link-Local address automatically.

B. True: Link-Local addresses are only valid for communication within the same broadcast domain (i.e., the local link).

C. True: They all have the same 64-bit subnet prefix (FE80::/64).

The false statement is:

D. False: The interface ID for Link-Local addresses is not derived from the interface’s IPv4 address. Instead, it is typically generated from the interface’s MAC address or using a random number.

ReferencesNokia Border Gateway Protocol Fundamentals, Chapter on IPv6 Addressing.