GAQM CITM-001 - Certified Information Technology Manager (CITM)

When deciding on system alternatives, the IT manager has to consider the following points1:

Technological feasibility: The IT manager has to assess whether the proposed system can be implemented with the available technology, resources, and skills. The IT manager has to evaluate the technical risks, challenges, and benefits of each alternative.

Organizational impact: The IT manager has to analyze how the proposed system will affect the organization’s structure, culture, processes, and performance. The IT manager has to consider the stakeholders’ needs, expectations, and resistance to change. The IT manager has to ensure that the system aligns with the organization’s vision, mission, and goals.

Financial constraints: The IT manager has to estimate the costs and benefits of each alternative, including the initial investment, operating expenses, maintenance costs, and return on investment. The IT manager has to compare the alternatives based on their financial viability and value for money. The IT manager has to secure the necessary funding and budget for the system. References: 1: EXIN EPI Certified InformationTechnology Manager, Module 6: IT Project Management, Section 6.3: System Analysis and Design, Page 6-11.

The select clause corresponds to the projection operation of the relational algebra. It is used to list the attributes desired in the result of a query. For example, the query select name, age from student will return the name and age attributes of all tuples in the student relation12. References: 1: CSE132A F05 SQLpart1 - University of California, San Diego 2: Basic Operations - RDBMS Questions and Answers - Sanfoundry

Functional design is a design approach that focuses on the functionality and performance of a system, rather than its structure or appearance. Functional design usually begins with specifying the desired output, such as the goals, objectives, and requirements of the system, and then derives the input, processes, and data needed to achieve the output. Functional design can be applied to various types of systems, such as software, hardware, or business processes. Functional design is often contrasted with other design approaches, such as organizational design, object-oriented design, and structured design, which have different emphases and methods. References:

System Analysis & Design - System Design1

Process models in design and development2

B. Engineering Design3

A data flow diagram (DFD) is a graphical representation of data flow in any system. It uses defined symbols like rectangles, circles and arrows, plus short text labels, to show data inputs, outputs, storage points and the routes between each destination1. Data flow: data flows indicate the data movement between external entities, processes, and the data store. They’re represented as arrows in the DFD with a short text label2. Therefore, the symbol that represents flow of data in DFD is arrow. References: 1: What is a Data Flow Diagram | Lucidchart 2: What Are Data Flow Diagrams? | Baeldung on Computer Science