CompTIA CS0-002 - CompTIA CySA+ Certification Exam (CS0-002)

Analyzing logs is a technique that involves collecting and examining data from various sources, such as network devices, servers, applications, or security tools. Analyzing logs can help identify malicious insiders by detecting anomalous or suspicious activities or behaviors, such as consuming large amounts of bandwidth at odd hours of the day, which could indicate data exfiltration or unauthorized access attempts. Placing a text file named Passwords.txt on the local file server and creating a SIEM alert when the file is accessed, segmenting the network so workstations are segregated from servers and implementing detailed logging on the jumpbox, or performing a review of all users with privileged access and monitoring web activity logs from the organization’s proxy are other possible techniques to identify malicious insiders, but they are not as effective or reliable as analyzing logs. Reference: https://www.sans.org/reading-room/whitepapers/logging/detecting-attacks-systems-microsoft-windows-event-logs-2074

The correct answer is C. Corrective. A corrective control is a type of control that is used to restore normal operations after a security incident or event has occurred. A corrective control can include actions such as restoring a backup, applying patches, reconfiguring settings, or replacing damaged components. A corrective control can help to mitigate the impact of an incident and prevent further damage or loss1.

A. Technical is not correct. A technical control is a type of control that is implemented using hardware, software, or firmware to protect the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of information and systems. A technical control can include mechanisms such as encryption, authentication, firewalls, antivirus, or intrusion detection systems. A technical control can be preventive, detective, or responsive, depending on its function2.

B. Responsive is not correct. A responsive control is a type of control that is used to react to a security incident or event in real time and stop or contain the attack. A responsive control can include actions such as blocking traffic, isolating systems, terminating processes, or alerting users. A responsive control can help to reduce the severity and duration of an incident and limit its spread3.

D. Preventive is not correct. A preventive control is a type of control that is used to deter or avoid a security incident or event from happening in the first place. A preventive control can include measures such as policies, procedures, training, awareness, or physical security. A preventive control can help to reduce the likelihood and frequency of an incident and minimize its potential impact.

1: 24.3 Control Types - CompTIA Cybersecurity Analyst (CySA+) CS0-002 [Video] 2: OVERVIEW - CompTIA 3: 24.3 Control Types - CompTIA Cybersecurity Analyst (CySA+) CS0-002 [Video] : OVERVIEW - CompTIA

A hacktivist is a type of actor who uses hacking techniques to promote a political or social cause or agenda. Hacktivists often target websites or systems of organizations or governments that they oppose or disagree with, and deface them with messages or propaganda related to their cause. In this case, the hacktivist defaced the corporate websites with political propaganda.

A jump box is a system that is connected to two networks and acts as a gateway or intermediary between them1. A jump box can help to isolate and secure a network by limiting the direct access to it from other networks. A jump box can also help to monitor and audit the traffic and activity on the network. A VDI (Virtual Desktop Infrastructure) is a technology that allows users to access virtual desktops that are hosted on a server2. A VDI can help to provide users with the necessary tools and applications for analysis without installing them on their own PCs. A VDI can also help to reduce the maintenance and management costs of the desktops. A VDI can operate in two modes: persistent and non-persistent. In persistent mode, each user has a dedicated virtual desktop that retains its settings and data across sessions. In non-persistent mode, each user has a temporary virtual desktop that is deleted or reset after each session3. In this scenario, deploying a jump box to allow access to the laboratory network and using VDI in non-persistent mode can meet the security objectives of the request. The jump box can prevent the partners’ PCs from connecting directly to the laboratory network and reduce the risk of unauthorized access or compromise. The VDI in non-persistent mode can provide the necessary tools for analysis without storing any data on the partners’ PCs or the virtual desktops. The VDI in non-persistent mode can also allow the partners to run long analyses without losing their progress or results. Deploying a firewall (B) may not be sufficient or effective, as a firewall only filters or blocks traffic based on rules and does not provide access or tools for analysis. Using VDI in persistent mode (A) © may not be secure or efficient, as persistent mode stores data on the virtual desktops that may be sensitive or confidential.

References: 1: https://www.techrepublic.com/article/jump-boxes-vs-firewalls/  2: https://www.techopedia.com/definition/26139/virtual-desktop-infrastructure-vdi  3: https://www.techopedia.com/definition/31686/resource-exhaustion

PII stands for personally identifiable information, and it is any data that can be used to identify, contact, or locate a specific individual, such as name, address, phone number, email, social security number, or biometric data. PII data is considered critical because it can be used by attackers to commit identity theft, fraud, or other crimes. PII data is also subject to various laws and regulations that require organizations to protect it from unauthorized access, use, or disclosure1.

Volatile artifacts are data that is stored in a computer’s volatile memory while it is running, such as open network connections, running processes, encryption keys, and internet history. Volatile artifacts can provide valuable evidence for forensic investigations, especially for detecting and analyzing malware or malicious activities that do not leave traces on the hard drive. However, volatile artifacts are wiped off the system’s memory once the power is turned off, so they cannot be recovered later

The tcpdump command is a network packet analyzer tool that can capture and display network traffic. The -w option specifies a file name to write the captured packets to, in a binary format that can be read by tcpdump or other tools later. This option is useful for capturing large amounts of network data that will be analyzed at a later time, as the question requires. The packet capture does not need to be in a format that is readable by humans, since it will be put into a binary file called “packetCapture”. The capture must be as efficient as possible, and the -w option minimizes the processing and output overhead of tcpdump, reducing the likelihood that packets will be missed.

Secure and thorough disposal can involve deleting or wiping all data from the hardware appliances, physically destroying or shredding them, or recycling them through certified vendors or programs. Compliance with company policies can help to ensure that the disposal follows the best practices and standards for data protection and environmental responsibility .

References: : https://www.bestbuy.com/site/services/recycling/pcmcat149900050025.c?id=pcmcat149900050025 : https://www.epa.gov/recycle/electronics-donation-and-recycling : https://www.techtarget.com/searchdatacenter/tip/A-6-step-guide-for-hardware-disposal

Enabling the browser’s XSS filter would be the most likely solution to the listed vulnerability. The vulnerability is a reflected cross-site scripting (XSS) attack, which occurs when a malicious script is injected into a web page that reflects user input back to the browser without proper validation or encoding. The malicious script can then execute in the browser and perform various actions, such as stealing cookies, redirecting to malicious sites, or displaying fake content2. Enabling the browser’s XSS filter can help prevent reflected XSS attacks by detecting and blocking malicious scripts before they execute in the browser3.

Developing a query to search for the indicators of compromise is the first action the analyst should take in this situation. Indicators of compromise (IOCs) are pieces of information that suggest a system or network has been compromised by an attacker. IOCs can include IP addresses, domain names, file hashes, URLs, or other artifacts that are associated with malicious activity. Developing a query to search for IOCs can help to identify any potential incidents or threats in the environment and initiate further investigation or response .