SAP C_ABAPD_2309 - SAP Certified Associate - Back-End Developer - ABAP Cloud

The patterns that raise an exception are those that use the constructor operator EXACT to perform a lossless assignment or calculation, but the result cannot be converted to the target data type without data loss. The following are the explanations for each pattern:

A: This pattern raises the exception CX_SY_CONVERSION_LOST because the result of the calculation 2 * 3 is 6, which cannot be assigned to a packed number with two decimal places without losing the integer part. The operator -U is used to perform a lossless calculation with the calculation type decfloat34.

B: This pattern does not raise an exception because the result of the substring expression gco_string+5(5) is ‘6789A’, which can be assigned to a string without data loss. The operator EXACT # is used to perform a lossless assignment with the data type of the argument.

C: This pattern raises the exception CX_SY_CONVERSION_LOST because the result of the substring expression gco_string+5(6) is ‘6789AB’, which cannot be assigned to a character field with length 5 without losing the last character. The operator EXACT is used to perform a lossless assignment with the data type of the target field.

D: This pattern does not raise an exception because the result of the calculation 2 / 2 is 1, which can be assigned to a packed number with three decimal places without data loss. The operator -U is used to perform a lossless calculation with the calculation type decfloat34.

E: This pattern raises the exception CX_SY_CONVERSION_ERROR because the constant gco_date contains an invalid value ‘20331233’ for a date data type, which cannot be converted to a valid date. The operator EXACT is used to perform a lossless assignment with the data type of the target field.

References: EXACT - Lossless Operator - ABAP Keyword Documentation, Lossless Assignments - ABAP Keyword Documentation

The data type of gv_result in the assignment data (gv_result) = 1/8 will be TYPE DECFLOAT 16. This is because the assignment operator (=) in ABAP performs an implicit type conversion from the source type to the target type, according to the following rules12:

If the target type is specified explicitly, the source value is converted to the target type.

If the target type is not specified explicitly, the source type is used as the target type, unless the source type is a literal or an expression, in which case the target type is determined by the following priority order: DECFLOAT34, DECFLOAT16, P, F, I, C, N, X, STRING, XSTRING.

In this case, the target type is not specified explicitly, and the source type is an expression (1/8). Therefore, the target type is determined by the priority order, and the first matching type is DECFLOAT16, which is a decimal floating point type with 16 digits of precision12.

References: 1: ABAP Assignment Rules - ABAP Keyword Documentation - SAP Online Help 2: ABAP Data Types - ABAP Keyword Documentation - SAP Online Help

A CDS view is a data definition that defines a data structure and a data selection from one or more data sources. A CDS view consists of several parts, but two of them are:

Extension: An extension is an optional clause that allows a CDS view to extend another CDS view by adding new elements, annotations, or associations. The extension clause has the syntax EXTEND VIEW view_name WITH view_name. The first view_name is the name of the CDS view that is being extended, and the second view_name is the name of the CDS view that is doing the extension1.

Field list: A field list is a mandatory clause that specifies the elements of the CDS view. The field list has the syntax SELECT FROM data_source { element_list }. The data_source is the name of the data source that the CDS view selects data from, and the element_list is a comma-separated list of elements that the CDS view exposes. The elements can be fields of the data source, expressions, associations, or annotations2.

The following example shows a CDS view that extends another CDS view and defines a field list:

@AbapCatalog.sqlViewName: ‘ZCDS_EXT’ define view Z_CDS_Extension extend view Z_CDS_Base with Z_CDS_Extension as select from ztable { // field list key ztable.id as ID, ztable.name as Name, ztable.age as Age, // extension @Semantics.currencyCode: true ztable.currency as Currency }

The other options are not parts of a CDS view, but rather related concepts:

Partitioning attributes: Partitioning attributes are attributes that are used to partition a table into smaller subsets of data. Partitioning attributes are defined in the ABAP Dictionary for transparent tables and can improve the performance and scalability of data access. Partitioning attributes are not part of the CDS view definition, but rather the underlying table definition3.

Semantic table attributes: Semantic table attributes are attributes that provide additional information about the meaning and usage of a table. Semantic table attributes are defined in the ABAP Dictionary for transparent tables and can be used to enhance the data modeling and consumption of the table. Semantic table attributes are not part of the CDS view definition, but rather the underlying table definition4.

References: 1: Extending CDS Views | SAP Help Portal 2: SELECT List - ABAP Keyword Documentation 3: Partitioning Attributes - ABAP Keyword Documentation 4: Semantic Table Attributes - ABAP Keyword Documentation

In ABAP SQL, the syntax to retrieve the association field of a CDS view is to use the @ sign followed by the association name and the field name, separated by a period sign (.). For example, to retrieve the association field _Airline-Name of a CDS view, the syntax is @_Airline.Name. This syntax allows the access to the fields of the target data source of the association without explicitly joining the data sources1. The other options are incorrect because they use the wrong symbols or formats to access the association field.

References: 1: Path Expressions - ABAP Keyword Documentation