Huawei H12-893_V1.0 - HCIP-Data Center Network V1.0

VXLAN (Virtual Extensible LAN) tunnels are used to encapsulate Layer 2 traffic over a Layer 3 network, a key feature in Huawei’s data center solutions. The endpoints of a VXLAN tunnel are VXLAN Tunnel Endpoints (VTEPs), identified by their IP addresses.

Tunnel Identification:A VXLAN tunnel is uniquely identified by the pair of VTEP IPaddresses (local and remote), along with the VNI (VXLAN Network Identifier). This pair ensures the tunnel is specific to the communication path between the two VTEPs.

Tunnel Establishment:During setup, VTEPs exchange information to learn each other’s IP addresses. This can occur manually (static configuration) or dynamically (e.g., via BGP EVPN). The underlay network must provide Layer 3 reachability between the VTEP IP addresses, typically using routing protocols (e.g., OSPF, BGP) to ensure IP connectivity.

Reachability Condition:If the local and remote VTEP IP addresses are reachable at Layer 3, the tunnel can be established, allowing encapsulation and decapsulation of VXLAN traffic. This is a fundamental requirement in Huawei’s VXLAN implementation.

The statement isTRUE (A)because a VXLAN tunnel’s identification and establishment depend on reachable VTEP IP address pairs at Layer 3.References:Huawei HCIP-Data Center Network Training – VXLAN Tunneling; CloudFabric VXLAN Deployment Guide.

Huawei’s CloudFabric intelligent O&M solution, leveraging iMaster NCE-Fabric and FabricInsight, uses the "1-3-5" principle (detect within 1 minute, locate within 3 minutes, rectify within 5 minutes) to handle faults. This approach analyzes faults across multiple dimensions. Let’s evaluate each option:

A. Device:This is supported. The solution monitors device-level metrics (e.g., CPU, memory) to detect and locate faults.SUPPORTED.

B. Protocol:This is supported. Protocol issues (e.g., OSPF conflicts, BGP errors) are analyzed for fault detection and resolution.SUPPORTED.

C. Service:This is supported. Service-level faults (e.g., tenant connectivity, VPC issues) are tracked and addressed.SUPPORTED.

D. Application:This is not supported. The "1-3-5" troubleshooting focuses on network infrastructure (devices, protocols, services, configurations), not application-layer issues, which are outside its scope.NOT SUPPORTED.

E. Configuration:This is supported. Configuration errors (e.g., mismatched VNIs) are detected and rectified as part of the process.SUPPORTED.

Thus,D (Application)is not a dimension supported by the "1-3-5" troubleshooting function.References:Huawei CloudFabric Data Center Network Solution – Intelligent O&M; HCIP-Data Center Network Training – Troubleshooting Dimensions.

Huawei’s iMaster NCE-Fabric is an SDN controller for the CloudFabric data center network solution, providing network management and automation. The rollback feature allows administrators to revert configuration changes to previous states in case of errors. According to Huawei’s documentation, iMaster NCE-Fabric supportsfour rollback levels, enabling the system to store and restore up to four previous configuration versions. This ensures flexibility in undoing changes during network management tasks like upgrades or policy adjustments.

Options Analysis:

A. 3: Incorrect, as it underestimates the supported levels.

B. 4: Correct, aligning with Huawei’s specified rollback capability.

C. 2: Incorrect, as it is fewer than the supported levels.

D. 1: Incorrect, as it limits rollback to a single state, which is insufficient for complex management.

Thus, the answer isB (4).References:Huawei CloudFabric Data Center Network Solution – iMaster NCE-Fabric Features; HCIP-Data Center Network Training – SDN Controller Management.

Multi-Chassis Link Aggregation Group (M-LAG) is a high-availability technology on Huawei CloudEngine (CE) series switches, where two switches appear as a single logical device to downstream devices. The peer-link between the M-LAG peers synchronizes critical information to ensure seamless failover if one device fails. Let’s evaluate the entries:

A. MAC Address Entries:MAC address tables map device MACs to ports. In M-LAG, synchronizing MAC entries ensures that both switches know the location of connected devices. If one switch fails, the surviving switch can forward Layer 2 traffic without relearning MAC addresses, preventing disruptions.Required.

B. Routing Entries:Routing entries (e.g., OSPF or BGP routes) are maintained at Layer 3 and typically synchronized via routing protocols, not M-LAG peer-link packets. M-LAG operates at Layer 2, and while Layer 3 can be overlaid (e.g., with VXLAN), routing table synchronization is not a standard M-LAG requirement.Not Required.

C. IGMP Entries:IGMP (Internet Group Management Protocol) entries track multicast group memberships. While useful for multicast traffic, they are not critical for basic unicast traffic forwarding in M-LAG failover scenarios. Huawei documentation indicates IGMP synchronization is optional and context-specific, not mandatory for general traffic continuity.Not Required.

D. ARP Entries:ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) entries map IP addresses to MAC addresses, crucial for Layer 2/Layer 3 communication. Synchronizing ARP entries ensures the surviving switch can resolve IP-to-MAC mappings post-failover, avoiding ARP flooding or traffic loss.Required.

Thus,A (MAC address entries) and D (ARP entries)are essential for M-LAG synchronization to maintain traffic forwarding during failover, per Huawei CE switch M-LAG design.References:Huawei CloudEngine Series Switch Configuration Guide – M-LAG Section; HCIP-Data Center Network Training – High Availability Technologies.

iMaster NCE-FabricInsight uses telemetry for performance metric collection, offering advanced monitoring in Huawei’s CloudFabric Solution. Let’s evaluate each option:

A. Efficient transmission:This is true. Telemetry uses streaming data (e.g., gRPC) to reduce overhead compared to traditional polling, enabling efficient transmission of metrics.TRUE.

B. Quasi-real-time data collection:This is true. Telemetry provides near-real-time data (e.g., sub-second updates), improving responsiveness over periodic SNMP polling.TRUE.

C. Intelligent data analysis and automated troubleshooting:This is false. While FabricInsight performs intelligent analysis, automated troubleshooting is a feature of the broader iMaster NCE platform, not specifically a telemetry advantage. Telemetry enables data collection, not the automation itself.FALSE.

D. One-off subscription and continuous data push:This is true. Telemetry operates on a subscription model where a one-time setup leads to continuous data push from devices, reducing manual intervention.TRUE.

Thus,A, B, and Dare advantages of telemetry-based performance metric collection.References:Huawei CloudFabric Data Center Network Solution – FabricInsight Telemetry; HCIP-Data Center Network Training – Performance Monitoring.

iMaster NCE-FabricInsight is Huawei’s network assurance and analytics tool, integrated with CloudFabric, that uses telemetry to monitor network health. The health function identifies various issues. Let’s evaluate each option:

A. Switch ARP entry threshold exceeded:This is true. FabricInsight monitors ARP table usage and can detect when the threshold is exceeded, indicating potential resource issues.TRUE.

B. OSPF router ID conflict:This is true. FabricInsight can detect OSPF router ID conflicts, which cause routing instability, through health checks on control plane data.TRUE.

C. Switch CPU usage threshold exceeded:This is true. FabricInsight tracks device performance metrics, including CPU usage, and flags thresholds to prevent performance degradation.TRUE.

D. Routing loop on the network:This is true. FabricInsight analyzes traffic patterns and routing tables to identify loops, leveraging telemetry data for network-wide healthassessment.TRUE.

All optionsA, B, C, and Dcan be identified by the health function of iMaster NCE-FabricInsight.References:Huawei CloudFabric Data Center Network Solution – FabricInsight Features; HCIP-Data Center Network Training – Network Health Monitoring.

In Huawei’s CloudFabric Solution, the iMaster NCE-Fabric SDN controller cluster separates network planes based on carried services to ensure scalability and security. Let’s evaluate each option:

A. BGP microservice plane:This is not a standard plane in Huawei’s SDN architecture. BGP is used in the underlay/overlay but not defined as a separate microservice plane for the controller.FALSE.

B. Southbound service plane:This is true. The southbound plane carries configuration and control data to network devices (e.g., via NETCONF, BGP-EVPN), a critical service plane in SDN.TRUE.

C. Northbound management plane:This is true. The northbound plane provides APIs for management applications and orchestration (e.g., OpenStack integration), handling service requests.TRUE.

D. Internal communication plane:This is true. This plane facilitates communication between controller cluster nodes for synchronization and high availability.TRUE.

Thus,B (Southbound service plane), C (Northbound management plane), and D (Internal communication plane)are the network planes divided based on carried services.References:Huawei CloudFabric Data Center Network Solution – SDN Architecture; HCIP-Data Center Network Training – Controller Planes.

In Huawei’s spine-leaf DCN architecture, nodes have distinct roles:

A. Spine:The spine nodes form the backbone of the data center, providing high-speed IP forwarding between leaf nodes. They handle east-west traffic with non-blocking connectivity, making them the core backbone nodes.Correct.

B. DC1 leaf:This is not a standard node type; it may be a typo or misnomer. Leaf nodes connect to endpoints, not act as backbones.Incorrect.

C. Service leaf:Service leaf nodes connect to internal services (e.g., servers), not the backbone, focusing on access rather than high-speed forwarding.Incorrect.

D. Border leaf:Border leaf nodes connect to external networks, handling routing, not serving as the internal backbone.Incorrect.

Thus, the answer isA (Spine).References:Huawei CloudFabric Data Center Network Solution – Spine-Leaf Architecture; HCIP-Data Center Network Training – Node Roles.