Huawei H13-511_V5.5 - HCIA-Cloud Computing V5.5 Exam

The statement describes the fundamental operation of the Von Neumann architecture, which serves as the core foundation for modern server hardware used in cloud computing environments. In the official Huawei HCIA-Cloud Computing curriculum, specifically under the "Server Basics" module, the distinction between volatile and non-volatile storage is emphasized as a critical hardware concept. The Central Processing Unit (CPU) acts as the primary compute engine but cannot execute instructions directly from secondary storage devices, such as Hard Disk Drives (HDDs) or Solid State Drives (SSDs), due to the massive latency gap between CPU clock speeds and disk access times.

Therefore, for any task to be performed, the relevant programs and data must first be loaded into the system memory, or Random Access Memory (RAM). RAM provides the high-speed, low-latency access required for the CPU to fetch and execute instructions efficiently. However, RAM is volatile, meaning all stored data is lost when the power supply is interrupted. To ensure long-term preservation and data persistence, processed results or saved files must be written back to external or secondary storage. These storage devices are non-volatile and provide the capacity needed to store operating systems, applications, and user data across reboots. In a cloud environment, such as one utilizing Huawei FusionServer Pro, this cycle of data movement between storage and memory is critical for maintaining system performance. The memory acts as a high-speed buffer for active tasks, while the storage provides the persistent layer. Understanding this hardware interaction is vital for cloud administrators because virtualization performance often hinges on the balance between memory capacity and storage I/O throughput.

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In the official Huawei FusionAccess maintenance and troubleshooting documentation, High Availability (HA) between the vAG (Virtual Access Gateway) and vLB (Virtual Load Balancer) is maintained through backend synchronization and heartbeat checks. The correct answer is D because changing the ITA portal login password has no technical impact on the background communication between infrastructure VMs. The ITA portal password is the credential used by an administrator to log into the web management interface (https://ITA_IP:8448); it is an application-layer credential stored in the database, not a system-level credential used for inter-component service discovery or HA heartbeats.

In contrast, options A, B, and C can indeed lead to "HA status abnormal." In the Huawei ecosystem, components often communicate using internal system accounts. Specifically, thegandalfaccount is the default account used for the FusionAccess management plane to log in to and manage these components. If an administrator manually changes the gandalf password on the vAG/vLB VM (Option C) without updating the corresponding credentials in the management system, the ITA will lose its ability to query the status of those nodes, resulting in an abnormal HA state.

Furthermore, while the root password (Options A and B) is generally for administrative access, the FusionAccess components are tightly integrated. Changing system-level passwords without using the official Huawei password management tools or updating the service configurations can break the scripts responsible for status reporting and synchronization. Therefore, for the HCIA exam, it is critical to understand that theITA Portal passwordis purely for the user interface and does not affect the technical "plumbing" or HA heartbeats of the underlying virtual appliances.

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In the official Huawei HCIA-Cloud Computing curriculum, specifically in the module "Huawei Virtualization Platform Management and Usage," the process for connecting hosts to storage is strictly defined. For storage types that rely on an Ethernet network (IP-based storage), such as IP SAN (iSCSI), NAS (NFS), and Huawei Distributed Block Storage (FusionStorage), the system requires the configuration of "Storage Ports" on each host. A storage port is a logical interface created on a physical NIC or a bond of NICs on a CNA (Computing Node Agent) node.

The reason this step is mandatory is that these storage protocols require an IP address to establish a session between the host (Initiator) and the storage device (Target). Without adding a storage port and assigning it a valid IP address within the storage network's segment, the host cannot communicate with the storage controllers. For IP SAN, this port is used to discover LUNs; for NAS, it is used to mount shared folders; and for Distributed Block Storage, it is used by the VNA (Virtual Node Agent) to communicate with the storage pool.

In contrast, forFC SANstorage, "storage ports" in the IP sense are not required because the Fibre Channel protocol uses World Wide Names (WWNs) on the Host Bus Adapters (HBAs) for identification. The Huawei documentation emphasizes that the storage network (Storage Plane) should be logically or physically isolated from the management and service planes to ensure high performance and security. Therefore, configuring storage ports with dedicated IPs is a prerequisite for creating a datastore on any IP-based storage backend in FusionCompute.

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Service Model

Description

Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)

The cloud platform provides infrastructure (such as servers, storage devices, networks, and virtual resources) and maintains related resources. Users only need to focus on systems and applications.

Platform as a Service (PaaS)

The cloud platform provides infrastructure (such as servers, storage devices, networks, and virtual resources) and application deployment environment (such as operating systems, middleware, and software running environment) and maintains related resources. Users only need to focus on applications and data.

Software as a Service (SaaS)

The cloud platform provides all resources, services, and maintenance. Users only need to use applications.

According to the official Huawei HCIA-Cloud Computing curriculum, cloud services are categorized into three standard models:IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS, distinguished by the boundary of responsibility between the provider and the user.

In theIaaS(Infrastructure as a Service) model, the provider is responsible for the physical and virtualized hardware resources, including compute, networking, and storage. The user retains control over the "system" level, meaning they must install and manage the operating system, middleware, and applications. This model offers the highest level of flexibility and is the foundation for Huawei's FusionCompute services.

PaaS(Platform as a Service) moves the boundary higher. The cloud platform provides not only the infrastructure but also the entire development and deployment environment. This includes the operating system, database management systems, and middleware. The user is relieved of system maintenance and only needs to focus on the "applications and data" layer. This model is ideal for developers who want to deploy software without managing the underlying server stack.

Finally,SaaS(Software as a Service) represents the highest level of abstraction. The provider manages the entire stack, from hardware to the application itself. Users simply access and "use the application" via a web browser or client. The user has no responsibility for maintenance, updates, or infrastructure scaling. Understanding these models is critical for the HCIA exam as it defines how Huawei Cloud Stack delivers different value propositions to enterprise customers.

Scenario

Operation

User data is stored in a network directory instead of a local host.

Folder redirection

The client IP address segment is not configured. Users can access VMs from any IP address segment.

Access control policy

A parallel-to-USB cable can be used to connect the parallel port device to the client.

Peripheral policy creation

In FusionAccess, policy management allows for deep customization of the user environment.Folder redirectionis a key feature for maintaining data persistence and centralized backup. It ensures thatuser data is stored in a network directoryrather than locally on the virtual machine's disk. This prevents data loss if a VM is refreshed or deleted, which is common in linked-clone pool environments.

Access control policiesare used to define the security boundaries of the VDI environment. When theclient IP address segment is not configured, it defaults to a permissive state whereusers can access VMs from any IP segment. Administrators typically use this policy to restrict access to known corporate subnets or specific VPN ranges to enhance overall security.Peripheral policy creationprovides support for legacy hardware or specialized equipment. By configuring these policies, aparallel-to-USB cable can be usedto bridge legacy parallel port devices to the modern USB ports of the client terminal, ensuring business continuity for specialized printing or diagnostic hardware.

The HCIA–Cloud Computing syllabus defines clear terminology for virtualization components.

The Guest OS is the operating system installed and running inside a virtual machine. It operates as if it were running on physical hardware, but all hardware access is abstracted by the hypervisor.

The hypervisor (A) is the virtualization layer that manages physical resources and virtual machines.

The host OS (B) is the operating system running on the physical server (in hosted virtualization models).

The host machine (D) refers to the physical server itself.

Therefore, the correct answer is Guest OS.

According to the Huawei HCIA-Cloud Computing technical documentation, the term Hypervisor is used interchangeably with Virtual Machine Monitor (VMM). The VMM is the core software component that creates the virtualization layer between the physical hardware and the Guest Operating Systems. Its primary responsibility is to abstract physical resources (CPU, Memory, I/O) and present them as logical, virtualized resources to the Virtual Machines. The VMM manages the execution of the Guest OS and ensures that different VMs remain isolated from one another on the same physical host.8

In the Huawei ecosystem, specifically within theFusionComputearchitecture, the hypervisor functionality is provided by theCNA (Computing Node Agent)node using the UVP (Universal Virtualization Platform) engine.9While "Hypervisor" is a general industry term, "VMM" specifically describes the role of monitoring and mediating the hardware requests from virtualized guests.10The other options provided are incorrect in this context:VRM (Virtual Resource Management)is the centralized management node that coordinates multiple CNA nodes but is not the hypervisor itself.VNA (Virtual Node Agent)is an agent running on the CNA node that communicates with the VRM, but it does not perform the actual hardware virtualization.

The VMM performs critical tasks such as instruction trapping and emulation.11When a Guest OS attempts to execute a "privileged instruction" that would normally interact directly with the hardware, the VMM intercepts it and executes it safely on behalf of the VM.12This ensures that a single VM cannot crash the entire physical host or access the data of another VM. Understanding that the Hypervisor and VMM are the same entity is fundamental to mastering the taxonomy of virtualization used in Huawei's ICT training and exams.

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In FusionCompute architecture, thehost OSrefers to the operating system running on thephysical compute node.

TheCompute Node Agent (CNA)is the component deployed on the physical server. It integrates the host operating system and hypervisor, directly managing hardware resources and providing virtualization services.

Linux VM (A)refers to the guest OS running inside a virtual machine.

VRM (B)is the centralized management component.

VNA (C)is responsible for virtual networking services.

Therefore, the host OS runs within theCNA, makingDthe correct answer.

During quick provisioning in FusionAccess:

Administrators mustselect a VM template.

AVM groupmust be specified for management purposes.

Thenumber of VMsto be provisioned must be entered.

However,desktop group selectionis not required at the VM creation stage. Desktop groups are associatedlater during desktop assignment, not during VM creation.

Therefore, the correct answer isC.