Huawei H31-341_V2.5 - HCIP-Transmission V2.5

The statement that signal flow analysis divides the entire network into OMSs (Optical Multiplex Sections) and identifies fault directionality is false. While signal flow analysis does help in locating faults, it is typically performed within a specific OMS or section rather than dividing the entire network at once. OMS segmentation is a physical or logical division, but signal flow analysis focuses on detailed fault location along signal paths rather than large-scale network segmentation. HCIP-Transmission clarifies these nuances to improve fault management precision.

After powering on, ensure the fan tray’s FAN indicator shows steady green (normal operation), fans are spinning properly, and airflow through both upper and lower parts of the subrack is unobstructed to maintain adequate cooling.

In the described scenario, when the R_LOS alarm is detected on the client side at site A, after alarm processing on the WDM side, a REM_5F alarm is reported downstream at site B. Subsequently, site B reports an R_LOS alarm to its downstream client device, confirming alarm propagation and fault transparency in multi-site transmission. This behavior ensures that faults detected at one point are properly signaled through the network, allowing for coordinated protection and troubleshooting. HCIP-Transmission documents this alarm flow process in WDM site fault management and alarm handling procedures.

A single channel reporting the BEFFEC_EXC (Bit Error Forward Error Correction Excess) alarm can be caused by (D) the input optical power of an OTU board being too high or too low. Both extremes can degrade signal quality, causing excessive bit errors. Other causes such as signal attenuation, external environment issues, or faulty optical amplifiers can also impact performance but are less directly linked to BEFFEC_EXC alarms. HCIP-Transmission stresses maintaining proper optical power levels and equipment health to avoid such errors and ensure service quality.

Standard mode reduces the number of visible mapping layers by hiding internal ODU-layer paths compared to compatibility mode.

By collapsing internal mappings, standard mode simplifies configuration and lowers maintenance effort.

In standard mode the NMS displays only channel- or physical-port level mappings, with all ODU-layer mappings aggregated at the port view.

The RDU9 board is used for demultiplexing optical signals; however, it cannot dynamically demultiplex any wavelength to any port. Dynamic demultiplexing requires advanced ROADMs or wavelength selective switches capable of flexible mapping. The RDU9 has limited fixed demultiplexing functions and does not support arbitrary wavelength-to-port assignments. Therefore, the statement that it can dynamically demultiplex any wavelength to any port is false. This aligns with HCIP-Transmission technical references highlighting the capabilities and limitations of different demultiplexing hardware modules.

In the TCP/IP protocol stack, TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) and UDP (User Datagram Protocol) reside at the Transport layer. This layer is responsible for providing end-to-end communication services for applications, including segmentation, flow control, and error checking. The Network layer handles routing (IP), Data Link layer manages physical addressing and error detection on links, and Application layer includes protocols like HTTP, FTP. HCIP-Transmission covers networking fundamentals and confirms that TCP/UDP protocols operate at the Transport layer, ensuring reliable and efficient data transport.

PWE3 specifies two CES emulation modes: Structure-Agnostic TDM over Packet (SAToP) and Structure-aware TDM Circuit Emulation Service over PSN (CESoPSN). Circuit Emulation over Packet (CEP) is not defined within PWE3.