WGU Information-Technology-Management - WGU Information Technology Management QGC2

In Agile Scrum, a sprint typically lasts two to four weeks. This time-boxed iteration balances being long enough to deliver meaningful work but short enough to allow flexibility and frequent feedback.

Option B: One to two months is too long for a sprint cycle.

Option C: A sprint ends at its time-box, not “until goals are completed.”

Option D: Three to six weeks exceeds the recommended sprint length.

Thus, the typical sprint length is two to four weeks.

Crash-proof software prevents data loss during system failures by automatically saving information or maintaining system stability. Examples include backup solutions and automatic recovery features in operating systems.

ITIL provides a structured framework and guidance for organizations to manage IT services effectively. It outlines best practices, processes, and operational considerations for delivering IT services in alignment with business needs. ITIL is not about enforcing control, compliance, or ethics oversight—it focuses on service management practices that ensure consistent quality and continual improvement.

Option A: Incorrect, ITIL does not enforce controls but provides guidance.

Option C: Incorrect, ITIL focuses on internal IT service alignment with business goals, not primarily compliance.

Option D: Incorrect, ITIL is not centered on ethical oversight but on operational best practices.

Thus, the correct answer is provision of structured guidance for operational considerations.

The implementation phase of the SDLC is when the new system or software is placed into production so that users can begin performing real business operations. This phase includes tasks such as installing the system, migrating data, training users, and transitioning from the old system to the new system.

Option A (Constructed using programming): This is part of the development phase, not implementation.

Option B (Corrections, additions, and upgrades): This describes the maintenance phase.

Option D (Interoperability checked, functionality verified): This occurs in the testing phase.

Therefore, the implementation phase specifically involves deploying the system into production for end users.

Strategic CIOs focus on innovation and aligning IT with business growth. A major risk they face is organizational resistance to change, as employees and departments may be reluctant to adopt new systems, processes, or technologies. Overcoming this resistance requires strong change management, communication, and leadership skills.

Option A: Incorrect—while staying updated is important, the larger challenge is adoption within the organization.

Option C: Incorrect—strategic CIOs emphasize business alignment, not just technical focus.

Option D: Incorrect—credibility risks exist but are not the primary challenge.

Therefore, the primary risk is organizational resistance to change.

SME-focused ERP systems provide small and medium businesses with essential business functions such as finance, HR, inventory, and sales at a lower cost compared to large-scale ERP solutions. This allows SMEs to gain the benefits of integration and automation without the high expense of enterprise-level systems.

Option A: Incorrect—ERP systems enhance reporting, not reduce it.

Option B: Incorrect—ERP does not design growth strategies, it supports operations.

Option D: Incorrect—advanced forecasting is more of a high-level analytics function, not the primary SME ERP focus.

Thus, SME-focused ERP systems primarily help by providing core functions at low cost.

Definition of ERP Systems:

ERP systems facilitate data sharing and process integration across multiple departments within an organization, such as HR and purchasing.

These systems improve coordination and decision-making by maintaining a single source of truth.

Example of ERP Usage:

If the HR department needs to coordinate with the purchasing team for new employee resources, ERP ensures both have access to relevant information like budgets and procurement requirements.

Incorrect Options Analysis:

A. Executive Support (ES): Caters to strategic decision-making, not operational collaboration.

B. Geographic Information System (GIS): Deals with spatial and geographical data, not departmental coordination.

D. Customer Relationship Management (CRM): Manages customer interactions, not internal department processes.

References and Documents of Information Technology Management:

"ERP for Organizational Efficiency" (Forrester Research).

ITIL 4 Foundation: Enterprise Systems Overview (Axelos).

In Scrum, the product owner is responsible for maximizing the value of the product by managing the product backlog. This includes prioritizing requirements, refining backlog items, and ensuring that the development team works on the most valuable features first.

Option A: Velocity metrics are typically monitored by the Scrum Master and team, not the product owner.

Option B: Burndown charts are updated by the team, not managed by the product owner.

Option D: Assisting developers with coding and blockers is the responsibility of the Scrum Master and development team.

Thus, the product owner’s main responsibility is to prioritize requirements and manage the backlog.

Common Risks of Outsourcing Software Development:

One of the most significant risks is the potential for breaches of confidential information.

Outsourcing often involves sharing sensitive company data with third-party vendors, increasing the risk of data misuse or leaks.

Why This Risk is Common:

Outsourcing partners may not have the same level of security measures as the organization.

Compliance issues can arise if vendors do not adhere to industry regulations.

Incorrect Options Analysis:

B. High cost of developers' salaries: Outsourcing is generally cost-effective compared to in-house salaries.

C. Lack of flexibility: Many outsourcing providers are designed to adapt to changes.

D. Short-term contracts: While challenging, these are manageable compared to confidentiality risks.

References and Documents of Information Technology Management:

"Mitigating Outsourcing Risks: Confidentiality and Compliance" (Gartner).

ISO/IEC 27001 Security Standards (Data Protection in Outsourcing).