Cisco 350-701 - Implementing and Operating Cisco Security Core Technologies (SCOR 350-701)

 The monitoring agent uses the RTP (Real-time Transport Protocol) performance metric to collect and output packet loss and jitter information. RTP is a network protocol used for delivering audio and video over IP networks. It provides mechanisms for timestamping, sequence numbering, and delivery monitoring, which allow for the measurement of packet loss and jitter. RTP is specifically designed for real-time multimedia streaming applications, which are more sensitive to changes in the transmission characteristics of data networks than other applications. Therefore, RTP performance is a suitable metric for monitoring and collecting packet loss and jitter information.

The other options are not directly related to measuring packet loss and jitter. TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) is a transport protocol that ensures reliable and ordered delivery of data, but it is not typically used for real-time multimedia applications. WSAv (Web Security Virtual Appliance) is a Cisco solution for web security, but it does not measure packet loss and jitter. AVC (Application Visibility and Control) is a technology that monitors and controls network applications, but it does not focus on packet loss and jitter. References :=

Measuring Delay, Jitter, and Packet Loss with Cisco IOS SAA and RTTMON1

Implementing and Operating Cisco Security Core Technologies (SCOR) v1.02

Cisco 350-701: Which metric used by monitoring agent to collect and output packet loss and jitter information?

NetFlow Secure Event Logging (NSEL) is a security logging mechanism that is built on NetFlow Version 9 technology. It provides a stateful, IP flow tracking method that exports only those records that indicate significant events in a flow, such as flow-create, flow-teardown, and flow-denied. NSEL events are triggered by the event that caused the state change in the flow. This reduces the amount of data that is exported and provides more relevant information for security analysis. NSEL also supports periodic flow-update events, which provide byte counters over the duration of the flow. These events are usually time-driven, but may also be triggered by state changes in the flow. NSEL uses templates to describe the format of the data records that are exported through NetFlow. Each event has several record formats or templates associated with it. NSEL delivers templates and data records to configured NSEL collectors through NetFlow over UDP only. NSEL also allows filtering of NSEL events based on the traffic and event type through Modular Policy Framework, and then sends records to different collectors. The supported event types are flow-create, flow-denied, flow-teardown, flow-update, and all. References :=

Some possible references are:

NetFlow Secure Event Logging (NSEL) - Cisco

NetFlow Secure Event Logging (NSEL) - Cisco

Implementing and Operating Cisco Security Core Technologies (SCOR) v1.0 (source book)

Explanation

FlexVPN is an IKEv2-based VPN technology that provides several benefits beyond traditional site-to-site VPN implementations. FlexVPN is a standards-based solution that can interoperate with non-Cisco IKEv2

implementations. Therefore FlexVPN can support a multivendor environment. All of the three VPN technologies support traffic between sites (site-to-site or spoke-to-spoke).

 Phishing is a type of cyberattack that uses fraudulent emails or other communications to trick users into providing sensitive information or installing malware on their devices1. Phishing can lead to identity theft, data breaches, ransomware infections, and financial losses. To protect employees from phishing attacks, a company can use various solutions that can detect, block, and remediate phishing threats. Two of these solutions are:

Cisco Umbrella: Cisco Umbrella is a cloud-based security platform that provides the first line of defense against threats on the internet, including phishing2. Cisco Umbrella uses DNS-layer security, which can identify and block malicious domains, IPs, and URLs before they can reach the user’s device2. Cisco Umbrella also integrates with Cisco Email Security to provide additional protection against phishing emails that may bypass the email gateway3.

Cisco Email Security Appliance (ESA): Cisco ESA is an email gateway that protects inbound and outbound email traffic from spam, malware, phishing, and other threats4. Cisco ESA uses multiple layers of defense, such as reputation filtering, antivirus scanning, outbreak filters, and content filtering, to prevent malicious emails from reaching the user’s inbox4. Cisco ESA also leverages Cisco Advanced Phishing Protection, which uses machine learning and threat intelligence to identify and block sophisticated phishing attacks that use identity deception techniques5.

References := 1: What Is Phishing? Examples and Phishing Quiz - Cisco 2: Cisco Umbrella - Cloud Delivered Enterprise Security 3: Cisco Umbrella and Cisco Email Security Integration 4: Cisco Secure Email - Cisco 5: Cisco Advanced Phishing Protection - Cisco Video Portal

Explanation

Explanation

NetFlow is a network protocol developed by Cisco for the collection and monitoring of network traffic flow data

generated by NetFlow-enabled routers and switches. The flows do not contain actual packet data, but rather the

metadata for communications. It is a standard form of session data that details who, what, when, and where of

network traffic -> Answer A is not correct.

CoA (Change of Authorization) is a feature that allows ISE to dynamically change the authorization attributes of an endpoint after it has been authenticated. CoA can be triggered by various events, such as posture assessment, profiling, or manual intervention1. There are different types of CoA that ISE can send to the network access device (NAD) to perform different actions on the endpoint session. The CoA type that achieves the goal of forcing an endpoint to re-authenticate without disrupting its session is CoA Reauth. CoA Reauth instructs the NAD to initiate a new RADIUS authentication for the endpoint, which allows ISE to apply a new or updated policy based on the latest attributes of the endpoint2. The other CoA types do not achieve this goal, as they either disconnect the endpoint session or do not change the authorization attributes. Port Bounce causes the NAD to shut down and bring up the port where the endpoint is connected, which effectively disconnects and reconnects the endpoint session2. CoA Terminate causes the NAD to terminate the endpoint session and send an Accounting-Stop message to ISE2. CoA Session Query causes the NAD to send an Accounting-Request message to ISE with the current session information, but does not change the authorization attributes of the endpoint2. References:

Cisco Content Hub - Manage Network Devices, section “CoA Types”

Solved: COA and ISE Clarification - Cisco Community, answer by Tarik Admani

Configuring Profiler Policies [Cisco Identity Services Engine] - Cisco …, section “Change of Authorization”

single methods of authentication can be compromised more easily than MFA. MFA, or multi-factor authentication, is a security process that requires users to provide two or more factors to verify their identity and access resources. MFA reduces the risk of unauthorized access by making it harder for attackers to compromise all the factors needed, especially if they are different in nature, such as something you know (password), something you have (token), and something you are (biometric).

To understand the concept of MFA and why it is important for authentication security, you can refer to the following sections of the source book:

Section 1.1.1: Describe the concepts of identity and access management

Section 1.1.1.1: Describe the concepts of identity principles

Section 1.1.1.2: Describe the concepts of authentication

Section 1.1.1.3: Describe the concepts of authorization

Section 1.1.1.4: Describe the concepts of accounting

Section 1.1.1.5: Describe the concepts of identity stores

Section 1.1.1.6: Describe the concepts of MFA

The access control rule in the exhibit has the following characteristics:

The rule name is DMZ_Rule and it is enabled.

The action set for this rule is Trust, meaning traffic matching this rule will not be subjected to further inspection.

The source zones are not specified, meaning any zone can match this rule.

The destination zone is DMZ_Inside, meaning only traffic destined to this zone can match this rule.

Therefore, the effect of this rule is that all traffic from any zone to the DMZ_Inside zone will be permitted with no further inspection. This is the correct answer, option A.

The other options are incorrect because they do not match the configuration of the rule or the behavior of the Trust action. Option B is incorrect because traffic will be allowed through to the DMZ_Inside zone, not blocked. Option C is incorrect because traffic will not be inspected before being allowed to the DMZ_Inside zone. Option D is incorrect because traffic does not need to be trusted to be allowed to the DMZ_Inside zone. References:

Firepower Management Center Configuration Guide, Version 6.6 - Access Control Rules

Firepower Management Center Device Configuration Guide, 7.1 - Access Control Policies

How to Deploy FMC/FTD part 2 – Access Control Policies

Endpoint-based security is the solution for performing signature-based application control, which is a method of identifying and blocking malicious applications based on their signatures or hashes. Signature-based application control is one of the features of endpoint security solutions, such as Cisco AMP for Endpoints1, that protect endpoints from known and unknown threats. Endpoint security solutions can also perform other functions, such as behavioral analysis, sandboxing, machine learning, and threat hunting, to provide comprehensive protection, detection, and response on the endpoint2. The other options are not scenarios where endpoint-based security is the solution. Inspecting encrypted traffic requires a network-based security solution, such as Cisco SSL Appliance3, that can decrypt and inspect the traffic for malicious content. Device profiling and authorization requires a network access control solution, such as Cisco Identity Services Engine4, that can identify and authenticate devices and users and enforce policies based on their roles and contexts. Inspecting a password-protected archive requires a file analysis solution, such as Cisco Threat Grid5, that can extract and analyze the contents of the archive for malware and indicators of compromise. References :=

Cisco AMP for Endpoints

What is Endpoint Security? How Does It Work?

Cisco SSL Appliance

Cisco Identity Services Engine

Cisco Threat Grid