Huawei H12-811_V1.0 - HCIA-Datacom V1.0 Exam

Detailed Explanation:Each Virtual Access Point (VAP) on an AP is identified by a unique Basic Service Set Identifier (BSSID), which is the MAC address used at the data link layer. The SSID is a human-readable network name, while the BSSID is the technical identifier​.

In OSPF (Open Shortest Path First), routers exchange database information in multiple stages.

ExStart State (Correct Answer):

The Master/Slave relationship is determined in this phase.

The router with the higher Router ID becomes the Master, and the other becomes the Slave.

The Master initiates the exchange of Database Description (DD) packets.

2-way State (Incorrect): This state is reached when two routers recognize each other as neighbors but have not started database exchange.

Exchange State (Incorrect): The actual exchange of DD packets happens in this state, but the Master/Slave roles are already established in ExStart.

Full State (Incorrect): This is the final state where routers have synchronized their link-state databases.

Thus, the correct answer is D (ExStart).

Comprehensive Explanation: In STP, the switch with the lowest Bridge ID is selected as the root bridge. The Bridge ID consists of the bridge priority and the MAC address. In this case, the switch with the bridge priority of 4096 has the lowest Bridge ID, making it the root bridge. If two switches have the same bridge priority, the MAC address is used to break the tie, with the lower MAC address winning.

Comprehensive Explanation: In Telnet sessions, different privilege levels determine what actions a user is allowed to perform. If users are not able to configure the IP address, it is likely that their privilege level is set incorrectly. The administrator must ensure that the Telnet users are assigned the correct privilege level (typically level 15 for full administrative rights) to allow configuration changes, including IP address modifications.

In the IP header at the network layer, the Protocol field specifies the transport layer protocol in use. The protocol number for UDP is 17, not 6. Protocol number 6 is reserved for TCP. This field allows IP packets to be correctly processed by the appropriate transport-layer protocol at the receiving device​.

Detailed Explanation:UDP (User Datagram Protocol) is a connectionless protocol that does not provide reliability, packet sequencing, or traffic control. These features are usually managed by TCP, which is used for applications requiring reliable data transmission. UDP’s design makes it suitable for real-time applications, such as video streaming or VoIP, where speed and low latency are prioritized over reliability. (Reference: HCIA-Datacom Training Material, UDP Characteristics)

Detailed Explanation:The 802.11ax standard, also known as Wi-Fi 6, supports theoretical speeds over 5 Gbit/s and is designed for high-efficiency wireless networking in dense environments. (Reference: HCIA-WLAN Training Material, IEEE 802.11 Standards)

If host A already has host B’s MAC address in its ARP cache, it can send packets directly to host B without needing to perform an ARP request. This cached information allows immediate packet delivery, assuming no network changes have occurred that would invalidate the ARP entry​.